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/*********************************************************************
*
* Software License Agreement (BSD License)
*
* Copyright (c) 2008, Willow Garage, Inc.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
* copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
* disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
* with the distribution.
* * Neither the name of the Willow Garage nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
* FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
* BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
* LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
* ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* Author: Mike Phillips
*********************************************************************/
#include <sbpl_lattice_planner/sbpl_lattice_planner.h>
#include <pluginlib/class_list_macros.hpp>
#include <nav_msgs/Path.h>
#include <sbpl_lattice_planner/SBPLLatticePlannerStats.h>
#include <costmap_2d/inflation_layer.h>
#include <tf2/LinearMath/Quaternion.h>
#include <tf/transform_datatypes.h>
using namespace std;
using namespace ros;
PLUGINLIB_EXPORT_CLASS(sbpl_lattice_planner::SBPLLatticePlanner, nav_core::BaseGlobalPlanner)
namespace geometry_msgs
{
bool operator==(const Point &p1, const Point &p2)
{
return p1.x == p2.x && p1.y == p2.y && p1.z == p2.z;
}
}
namespace sbpl_lattice_planner
{
class LatticeSCQ : public StateChangeQuery
{
public:
LatticeSCQ(EnvironmentNAVXYTHETALAT *env, std::vector<nav2dcell_t> const &changedcellsV)
: env_(env), changedcellsV_(changedcellsV)
{
}
// lazy init, because we do not always end up calling this method
virtual std::vector<int> const *getPredecessors() const
{
if (predsOfChangedCells_.empty() && !changedcellsV_.empty())
env_->GetPredsofChangedEdges(&changedcellsV_, &predsOfChangedCells_);
return &predsOfChangedCells_;
}
// lazy init, because we do not always end up calling this method
virtual std::vector<int> const *getSuccessors() const
{
if (succsOfChangedCells_.empty() && !changedcellsV_.empty())
env_->GetSuccsofChangedEdges(&changedcellsV_, &succsOfChangedCells_);
return &succsOfChangedCells_;
}
EnvironmentNAVXYTHETALAT *env_;
std::vector<nav2dcell_t> const &changedcellsV_;
mutable std::vector<int> predsOfChangedCells_;
mutable std::vector<int> succsOfChangedCells_;
};
SBPLLatticePlanner::SBPLLatticePlanner()
: initialized_(false), costmap_ros_(NULL)
{
}
SBPLLatticePlanner::SBPLLatticePlanner(std::string name, costmap_2d::Costmap2DROS *costmap_ros)
: initialized_(false), costmap_ros_(NULL)
{
initialize(name, costmap_ros);
}
void SBPLLatticePlanner::initialize(std::string name, costmap_2d::Costmap2DROS *costmap_ros)
{
if (!initialized_)
{
ros::NodeHandle private_nh("~/" + name);
ROS_INFO("Name is %s", name.c_str());
private_nh.param("planner_type", planner_type_, string("ARAPlanner"));
private_nh.param("allocated_time", allocated_time_, 10.0);
private_nh.param("initial_epsilon", initial_epsilon_, 3.0);
private_nh.param("environment_type", environment_type_, string("XYThetaLattice"));
private_nh.param("forward_search", forward_search_, bool(false));
private_nh.param("primitive_filename", primitive_filename_, string(""));
private_nh.param("force_scratch_limit", force_scratch_limit_, 500);
double nominalvel_mpersecs, timetoturn45degsinplace_secs;
private_nh.param("nominalvel_mpersecs", nominalvel_mpersecs, 0.4);
private_nh.param("timetoturn45degsinplace_secs", timetoturn45degsinplace_secs, 0.6);
int lethal_obstacle;
private_nh.param("lethal_obstacle", lethal_obstacle, 20);
lethal_obstacle_ = (unsigned char)lethal_obstacle;
inscribed_inflated_obstacle_ = lethal_obstacle_ - 1;
sbpl_cost_multiplier_ = (unsigned char)(costmap_2d::INSCRIBED_INFLATED_OBSTACLE / inscribed_inflated_obstacle_ + 1);
ROS_INFO("SBPL: lethal: %uz, inscribed inflated: %uz, multiplier: %uz", lethal_obstacle, inscribed_inflated_obstacle_, sbpl_cost_multiplier_);
private_nh.param("publish_footprint_path", publish_footprint_path_, bool(true));
private_nh.param<int>("visualizer_skip_poses", visualizer_skip_poses_, 5);
private_nh.param("allow_unknown", allow_unknown_, bool(true));
name_ = name;
costmap_ros_ = costmap_ros;
footprint_ = costmap_ros_->getRobotFootprint();
if ("XYThetaLattice" == environment_type_)
{
ROS_DEBUG("Using a 3D costmap for theta lattice\n");
env_ = new EnvironmentNAVXYTHETALAT();
}
else
{
ROS_ERROR("XYThetaLattice is currently the only supported environment!\n");
exit(1);
}
circumscribed_cost_ = computeCircumscribedCost();
if (circumscribed_cost_ == 0)
{
// Unfortunately, the inflation_radius is not taken into account by
// inflation_layer->computeCost(). If inflation_radius is smaller than
// the circumscribed radius, SBPL will ignore some obstacles, but we
// cannot detect this problem. If the cost_scaling_factor is too large,
// SBPL won't run into obstacles, but will always perform an expensive
// footprint check, no matter how far the nearest obstacle is.
ROS_WARN("The costmap value at the robot's circumscribed radius (%f m) is 0.", costmap_ros_->getLayeredCostmap()->getCircumscribedRadius());
ROS_WARN("SBPL performance will suffer.");
ROS_WARN("Please decrease the costmap's cost_scaling_factor.");
}
if (!env_->SetEnvParameter("cost_inscribed_thresh", costMapCostToSBPLCost(costmap_2d::INSCRIBED_INFLATED_OBSTACLE)))
{
ROS_ERROR("Failed to set cost_inscribed_thresh parameter");
exit(1);
}
if (!env_->SetEnvParameter("cost_possibly_circumscribed_thresh", circumscribed_cost_))
{
ROS_ERROR("Failed to set cost_possibly_circumscribed_thresh parameter");
exit(1);
}
int obst_cost_thresh = costMapCostToSBPLCost(costmap_2d::LETHAL_OBSTACLE);
vector<sbpl_2Dpt_t> perimeterptsV;
perimeterptsV.reserve(footprint_.size());
for (size_t ii(0); ii < footprint_.size(); ++ii)
{
sbpl_2Dpt_t pt;
pt.x = footprint_[ii].x;
pt.y = footprint_[ii].y;
perimeterptsV.push_back(pt);
}
bool ret;
try
{
ret = env_->InitializeEnv(costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getSizeInCellsX(), // width
costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getSizeInCellsY(), // height
0, // mapdata
0, 0, 0, // start (x, y, theta, t)
0, 0, 0, // goal (x, y, theta)
0, 0, 0, // goal tolerance
perimeterptsV, costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getResolution(), nominalvel_mpersecs,
timetoturn45degsinplace_secs, obst_cost_thresh,
primitive_filename_.c_str());
current_env_width_ = costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getSizeInCellsX();
current_env_height_ = costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getSizeInCellsY();
}
catch (SBPL_Exception *e)
{
ROS_ERROR("SBPL encountered a fatal exception: %s", e->what());
ret = false;
}
if (!ret)
{
ROS_ERROR("SBPL initialization failed!");
exit(1);
}
for (ssize_t ix(0); ix < costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getSizeInCellsX(); ++ix)
for (ssize_t iy(0); iy < costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getSizeInCellsY(); ++iy)
env_->UpdateCost(ix, iy, costMapCostToSBPLCost(costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getCost(ix, iy)));
if ("ARAPlanner" == planner_type_)
{
ROS_INFO("Planning with ARA*");
planner_ = new ARAPlanner(env_, forward_search_);
}
else if ("ADPlanner" == planner_type_)
{
ROS_INFO("Planning with AD*");
planner_ = new ADPlanner(env_, forward_search_);
}
else
{
ROS_ERROR("ARAPlanner and ADPlanner are currently the only supported planners!\n");
exit(1);
}
ROS_INFO("[sbpl_lattice_planner] Initialized successfully");
plan_pub_ = private_nh.advertise<nav_msgs::Path>("plan", 1);
stats_publisher_ = private_nh.advertise<sbpl_lattice_planner::SBPLLatticePlannerStats>("sbpl_lattice_planner_stats", 1);
sbpl_plan_footprint_pub_ = private_nh.advertise<visualization_msgs::Marker>("footprint_markers", 1);
initialized_ = true;
}
}
// Taken from Sachin's sbpl_cart_planner
// This rescales the costmap according to a rosparam which sets the obstacle cost
unsigned char SBPLLatticePlanner::costMapCostToSBPLCost(unsigned char newcost)
{
if (newcost == costmap_2d::LETHAL_OBSTACLE || (!allow_unknown_ && newcost == costmap_2d::NO_INFORMATION))
return lethal_obstacle_;
else if (newcost == costmap_2d::INSCRIBED_INFLATED_OBSTACLE)
return inscribed_inflated_obstacle_;
else if (newcost == 0)
return 0;
else if(newcost == costmap_2d::NO_INFORMATION)
return costmap_2d::FREE_SPACE/sbpl_cost_multiplier_;
else
{
unsigned char sbpl_cost = newcost / sbpl_cost_multiplier_;
if (sbpl_cost == 0)
sbpl_cost = 1;
return sbpl_cost;
}
}
void SBPLLatticePlanner::publishStats(int solution_cost, int solution_size,
const geometry_msgs::PoseStamped &start,
const geometry_msgs::PoseStamped &goal)
{
// Fill up statistics and publish
sbpl_lattice_planner::SBPLLatticePlannerStats stats;
stats.initial_epsilon = initial_epsilon_;
stats.plan_to_first_solution = false;
stats.final_number_of_expands = planner_->get_n_expands();
stats.allocated_time = allocated_time_;
stats.time_to_first_solution = planner_->get_initial_eps_planning_time();
stats.actual_time = planner_->get_final_eps_planning_time();
stats.number_of_expands_initial_solution = planner_->get_n_expands_init_solution();
stats.final_epsilon = planner_->get_final_epsilon();
stats.solution_cost = solution_cost;
stats.path_size = solution_size;
stats.start = start;
stats.goal = goal;
stats_publisher_.publish(stats);
}
unsigned char SBPLLatticePlanner::computeCircumscribedCost()
{
unsigned char result = 0;
if (!costmap_ros_)
{
ROS_ERROR("Costmap is not initialized");
return 0;
}
// check if the costmap has an inflation layer
for (std::vector<boost::shared_ptr<costmap_2d::Layer>>::const_iterator layer = costmap_ros_->getLayeredCostmap()->getPlugins()->begin();
layer != costmap_ros_->getLayeredCostmap()->getPlugins()->end();
++layer)
{
boost::shared_ptr<costmap_2d::InflationLayer> inflation_layer = boost::dynamic_pointer_cast<costmap_2d::InflationLayer>(*layer);
if (!inflation_layer)
continue;
result = costMapCostToSBPLCost(inflation_layer->computeCost(costmap_ros_->getLayeredCostmap()->getCircumscribedRadius() / costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getResolution()));
}
return result;
}
bool SBPLLatticePlanner::makePlan(const geometry_msgs::PoseStamped &start,
const geometry_msgs::PoseStamped &goal,
std::vector<geometry_msgs::PoseStamped> &plan)
{
if (!initialized_)
{
ROS_ERROR("Global planner is not initialized");
return false;
}
bool do_init = false;
if (current_env_width_ != costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getSizeInCellsX() ||
current_env_height_ != costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getSizeInCellsY())
{
ROS_INFO("Costmap dimensions have changed from (%d x %d) to (%d x %d), reinitializing sbpl_lattice_planner.",
current_env_width_, current_env_height_,
costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getSizeInCellsX(), costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getSizeInCellsY());
do_init = true;
}
else if (footprint_ != costmap_ros_->getRobotFootprint())
{
ROS_INFO("Robot footprint has changed, reinitializing sbpl_lattice_planner.");
do_init = true;
}
else if (circumscribed_cost_ != computeCircumscribedCost())
{
ROS_INFO("Cost at circumscribed radius has changed, reinitializing sbpl_lattice_planner.");
do_init = true;
}
if (do_init)
{
initialized_ = false;
delete planner_;
planner_ = NULL;
delete env_;
env_ = NULL;
initialize(name_, costmap_ros_);
}
plan.clear();
ROS_INFO("[sbpl_lattice_planner] getting start point (%g,%g) goal point (%g,%g)",
start.pose.position.x, start.pose.position.y, goal.pose.position.x, goal.pose.position.y);
double theta_start = 2 * atan2(start.pose.orientation.z, start.pose.orientation.w);
double theta_goal = 2 * atan2(goal.pose.orientation.z, goal.pose.orientation.w);
try
{
int ret = env_->SetStart(start.pose.position.x - costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getOriginX(), start.pose.position.y - costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getOriginY(), theta_start);
if (ret < 0 || planner_->set_start(ret) == 0)
{
ROS_ERROR("ERROR: failed to set start state\n");
return false;
}
}
catch (SBPL_Exception *e)
{
ROS_ERROR("SBPL encountered a fatal exception while setting the start state");
return false;
}
try
{
int ret = env_->SetGoal(goal.pose.position.x - costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getOriginX(), goal.pose.position.y - costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getOriginY(), theta_goal);
if (ret < 0 || planner_->set_goal(ret) == 0)
{
ROS_ERROR("ERROR: failed to set goal state\n");
return false;
}
}
catch (SBPL_Exception *e)
{
ROS_ERROR("SBPL encountered a fatal exception while setting the goal state");
return false;
}
int offOnCount = 0;
int onOffCount = 0;
int allCount = 0;
vector<nav2dcell_t> changedcellsV;
for (unsigned int ix = 0; ix < costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getSizeInCellsX(); ix++)
{
for (unsigned int iy = 0; iy < costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getSizeInCellsY(); iy++)
{
unsigned char oldCost = env_->GetMapCost(ix, iy);
unsigned char newCost = costMapCostToSBPLCost(costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getCost(ix, iy));
if (oldCost == newCost)
continue;
allCount++;
// first case - off cell goes on
if ((oldCost != costMapCostToSBPLCost(costmap_2d::LETHAL_OBSTACLE) && oldCost != costMapCostToSBPLCost(costmap_2d::INSCRIBED_INFLATED_OBSTACLE)) &&
(newCost == costMapCostToSBPLCost(costmap_2d::LETHAL_OBSTACLE) || newCost == costMapCostToSBPLCost(costmap_2d::INSCRIBED_INFLATED_OBSTACLE)))
{
offOnCount++;
}
if ((oldCost == costMapCostToSBPLCost(costmap_2d::LETHAL_OBSTACLE) || oldCost == costMapCostToSBPLCost(costmap_2d::INSCRIBED_INFLATED_OBSTACLE)) &&
(newCost != costMapCostToSBPLCost(costmap_2d::LETHAL_OBSTACLE) && newCost != costMapCostToSBPLCost(costmap_2d::INSCRIBED_INFLATED_OBSTACLE)))
{
onOffCount++;
}
env_->UpdateCost(ix, iy, costMapCostToSBPLCost(costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getCost(ix, iy)));
nav2dcell_t nav2dcell;
nav2dcell.x = ix;
nav2dcell.y = iy;
changedcellsV.push_back(nav2dcell);
}
}
try
{
if (!changedcellsV.empty())
{
StateChangeQuery *scq = new LatticeSCQ(env_, changedcellsV);
planner_->costs_changed(*scq);
delete scq;
}
if (allCount > force_scratch_limit_)
planner_->force_planning_from_scratch();
}
catch (SBPL_Exception *e)
{
ROS_ERROR("SBPL failed to update the costmap");
return false;
}
// setting planner parameters
ROS_DEBUG("allocated:%f, init eps:%f\n", allocated_time_, initial_epsilon_);
planner_->set_initialsolution_eps(initial_epsilon_);
planner_->set_search_mode(false);
ROS_DEBUG("[sbpl_lattice_planner] run planner");
vector<int> solution_stateIDs;
int solution_cost;
try
{
int ret = planner_->replan(allocated_time_, &solution_stateIDs, &solution_cost);
if (ret)
ROS_DEBUG("Solution is found\n");
else
{
ROS_INFO("Solution not found\n");
publishStats(solution_cost, 0, start, goal);
return false;
}
}
catch (SBPL_Exception *e)
{
ROS_ERROR("SBPL encountered a fatal exception while planning");
return false;
}
ROS_DEBUG("size of solution=%d", (int)solution_stateIDs.size());
vector<EnvNAVXYTHETALAT3Dpt_t> sbpl_path;
try
{
env_->ConvertStateIDPathintoXYThetaPath(&solution_stateIDs, &sbpl_path);
}
catch (SBPL_Exception *e)
{
ROS_ERROR("SBPL encountered a fatal exception while reconstructing the path");
return false;
}
// if the plan has zero points, add a single point to make move_base happy
if (sbpl_path.size() == 0)
{
EnvNAVXYTHETALAT3Dpt_t s(
start.pose.position.x - costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getOriginX(),
start.pose.position.y - costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getOriginY(),
theta_start);
sbpl_path.push_back(s);
}
ROS_DEBUG("Plan has %d points.\n", (int)sbpl_path.size());
if (sbpl_path.back().x != goal.pose.position.x - costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getOriginX() ||
sbpl_path.back().y != goal.pose.position.y - costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getOriginY() ||
sbpl_path.back().theta != theta_goal)
{
EnvNAVXYTHETALAT3Dpt_t goal_stemp(goal.pose.position.x - costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getOriginX(),
goal.pose.position.y - costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getOriginY(),
theta_goal);
sbpl_path.push_back(goal_stemp);
}
ros::Time plan_time = ros::Time::now();
if (publish_footprint_path_)
{
visualization_msgs::Marker sbpl_plan_footprint;
getFootprintList(sbpl_path, costmap_ros_->getGlobalFrameID(), sbpl_plan_footprint);
sbpl_plan_footprint_pub_.publish(sbpl_plan_footprint);
}
// create a message for the plan
nav_msgs::Path gui_path;
gui_path.poses.resize(sbpl_path.size());
gui_path.header.frame_id = costmap_ros_->getGlobalFrameID();
gui_path.header.stamp = plan_time;
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < sbpl_path.size(); i++)
{
geometry_msgs::PoseStamped pose;
pose.header.stamp = plan_time;
pose.header.frame_id = costmap_ros_->getGlobalFrameID();
pose.pose.position.x = sbpl_path[i].x + costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getOriginX();
pose.pose.position.y = sbpl_path[i].y + costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getOriginY();
pose.pose.position.z = start.pose.position.z;
tf2::Quaternion temp;
temp.setRPY(0, 0, sbpl_path[i].theta);
pose.pose.orientation.x = temp.getX();
pose.pose.orientation.y = temp.getY();
pose.pose.orientation.z = temp.getZ();
pose.pose.orientation.w = temp.getW();
plan.push_back(pose);
gui_path.poses[i] = plan[i];
}
plan_pub_.publish(gui_path);
publishStats(solution_cost, sbpl_path.size(), start, goal);
return true;
}
void SBPLLatticePlanner::getFootprintList(const std::vector<EnvNAVXYTHETALAT3Dpt_t> &sbpl_path,
const std::string &path_frame_id, visualization_msgs::Marker &ma)
{
ma.header.frame_id = path_frame_id;
ma.header.stamp = ros::Time();
ma.ns = "sbpl_robot_footprint";
ma.id = 0;
ma.type = visualization_msgs::Marker::LINE_LIST;
ma.action = visualization_msgs::Marker::ADD;
ma.scale.x = 0.05;
ma.color.a = 1.0;
ma.color.r = 0.0;
ma.color.g = 0.0;
ma.color.b = 1.0;
ma.pose.orientation.w = 1.0;
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < sbpl_path.size(); i = i + visualizer_skip_poses_)
{
std::vector<geometry_msgs::Point> transformed_rfp;
geometry_msgs::Pose robot_pose;
robot_pose.position.x = sbpl_path[i].x + costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getOriginX();
;
robot_pose.position.y = sbpl_path[i].y + costmap_ros_->getCostmap()->getOriginY();
;
robot_pose.position.z = 0.0;
tf::Quaternion quat;
quat.setRPY(0.0, 0.0, sbpl_path[i].theta);
tf::quaternionTFToMsg(quat, robot_pose.orientation);
transformFootprintToEdges(robot_pose, footprint_, transformed_rfp);
for (auto &point : transformed_rfp)
ma.points.push_back(point);
}
}
void SBPLLatticePlanner::transformFootprintToEdges(const geometry_msgs::Pose &robot_pose,
const std::vector<geometry_msgs::Point> &footprint,
std::vector<geometry_msgs::Point> &out_footprint)
{
out_footprint.resize(2 * footprint.size());
double yaw = tf::getYaw(robot_pose.orientation);
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < footprint.size(); i++)
{
out_footprint[2 * i].x = robot_pose.position.x + cos(yaw) * footprint[i].x - sin(yaw) * footprint[i].y;
out_footprint[2 * i].y = robot_pose.position.y + sin(yaw) * footprint[i].x + cos(yaw) * footprint[i].y;
if (i == 0)
{
out_footprint.back().x = out_footprint[i].x;
out_footprint.back().y = out_footprint[i].y;
}
else
{
out_footprint[2 * i - 1].x = out_footprint[2 * i].x;
out_footprint[2 * i - 1].y = out_footprint[2 * i].y;
}
}
}
};